Blood Pressure

Blood pressure is the force exerted by the blood against the walls of the arteries as it flows through the circulatory system. It is typically measured in millimeters of mercury (mmHg) and expressed as two values:

1. Systolic blood pressure (the higher value): This represents the pressure in the arteries when the heart contracts or beats, pushing blood into the circulatory system.
2. Diastolic blood pressure (the lower value): This represents the pressure in the arteries when the heart is at rest between beats.

Blood pressure readings are usually given as systolic over diastolic (e.g., 120/80 mmHg), and both values are essential for assessing cardiovascular health.

Normal blood pressure for adults is generally considered to be around 120/80 mmHg. However, blood pressure ranges can vary based on age, health condition, and lifestyle factors. Here are the general categories:

• Normal: Below 120/80 mmHg
• Elevated: 120-129/less than 80 mmHg
• Hypertension Stage 1: 130-139/80-89 mmHg
• Hypertension Stage 2: 140 or higher/90 or higher mmHg
• Hypertensive Crisis: Higher than 180 and/or higher than 120 mmHg

Hypertension (high blood pressure) is a significant risk factor for various cardiovascular diseases, including heart attack, stroke, and kidney problems. It is often referred to as the “silent killer” because it might not have noticeable symptoms, but it can still cause severe damage if left uncontrolled.

Low blood pressure, also known as hypotension, is less common but can cause symptoms such as dizziness, fainting, and fatigue.

If you are concerned about your blood pressure, it’s essential to have it checked regularly by a healthcare professional. They can provide appropriate advice and, if necessary, recommend lifestyle changes or medications to manage blood pressure effectively.