Radiation treatment, also known as radiation therapy, is a common method for treating cancer and some non-cancerous conditions. It uses high-energy particles or waves, like X-rays, gamma rays, electron beams, or protons, to destroy or damage cancer cells. Here’s a breakdown of the essentials: Types of Radiation Therapy External Beam Radiation Therapy (EBRT): The most common type, where the radiation is directed from a machine outside the body. Techniques like IMRT (Intensity-Modulated Radiation Therapy) and stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS) allow precise targeting, sparing healthy tissue. Internal Radiation Therapy (Brachytherapy): Radioactive material is placed inside or near the tumor. Often used for cancers of the cervix, prostate, and breast. Systemic Radiation Therapy: Radioactive substances are given through the bloodstream, targeting cancer cells throughout the body. Used for thyroid cancer (radioactive iodine) and some other cancers. How It Works Radiation therapy works by damaging the DNA of cancer cells, preventing them from growing and dividing. Cancer cells are more sensitive to radiation than normal cells, though nearby healthy cells can also be affected.
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