Parkinson’s disease is a progressive neurological disorder that primarily affects movement. It occurs when nerve cells in the brain, specifically in a region called the substantia nigra, begin to break down or die. These cells produce dopamine, a chemical messenger crucial for smooth and coordinated muscle movements. When dopamine levels decrease, it leads to the movement problems characteristic of Parkinson’s. Key Symptoms: Tremor: Involuntary shaking, often starting in a hand or fingers. Bradykinesia (Slowed Movement): Over time, simple tasks may take longer, and steps may become shorter. Rigidity: Muscle stiffness that can limit range of motion. Postural Instability: Impaired balance and coordination. Non-Motor Symptoms: Depression and anxiety Cognitive issues (memory and thinking problems) Sleep disturbances Changes in speech or writing Causes: The exact cause of Parkinson’s is unknown, but factors include: Genetics: Certain genetic mutations may contribute. Environmental Factors: Exposure to toxins, such as pesticides, may increase risk.
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