Parkinson’s disease (PD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder that primarily affects movement. It occurs when the dopamine-producing neurons in a specific area of the brain called the substantia nigra begin to die or function poorly. Dopamine is a neurotransmitter that plays a key role in coordinating smooth and balanced muscle movements.
Key Symptoms: Tremors – Often starting in a hand or fingers (resting tremor).
Bradykinesia – Slowness of movement, making everyday activities difficult.
Rigidity – Muscle stiffness that can affect any part of the body.
Postural Instability – Difficulty with balance and coordination, leading to falls.
Gait and Movement Problems – Shuffling steps, difficulty initiating movement, or freezing of gait.
Non-Motor Symptoms: Depression, anxiety Sleep disturbances Cognitive impairment (memory issues, dementia in later stages) Constipation and urinary problems Loss of sense of smell Fatigue
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