Deep Brain Stimulation

Deep Brain Stimulation (DBS) in Parkinson’s Disease Deep brain stimulation (DBS) is a neurosurgical procedure used as a treatment option for Parkinson’s disease, particularly in patients who no longer respond adequately to medications. DBS involves the implantation of electrodes into specific areas of the brain. These electrodes send electrical impulses to modulate abnormal neural activity that contributes to the symptoms of Parkinson’s disease. Here’s how DBS works and its impact on Parkinson’s disease: Mechanism of Action: Targeted Areas: DBS is typically targeted at the subthalamic nucleus (STN), globus pallidus interna (GPi), or thalamus, all regions involved in movement control. Electrical Stimulation: The electrical impulses from the DBS device help regulate abnormal firing patterns in these brain circuits, thus alleviating motor symptoms. Adjustability: Unlike lesioning procedures, DBS is adjustable and reversible. The intensity and frequency of stimulation can be modified to meet the patient’s needs. Benefits of DBS: Improved Motor Symptoms: DBS has been shown to reduce tremors, rigidity, bradykinesia (slowness of movement), and dyskinesias (involuntary movements caused by Parkinson’s medication). Reduction in Medication: Many patients experience a reduction in the need for Parkinson’s medications after DBS, thus reducing medication-related side effects like dyskinesia. Improved Quality of Life: By stabilizing motor fluctuations, DBS can lead to significant improvements in a patient’s daily functioning and quality of life. Limitations and Risks: Eligibility: Not all Parkinson’s patients are candidates for DBS. It’s usually reserved for those with moderate to severe symptoms who still respond to medication but experience significant motor fluctuations. Surgical Risks: As with any brain surgery, there are risks involved, including infection