Cancer is a term used to describe a group of diseases characterized by the abnormal and uncontrolled growth of cells that can invade and destroy nearby tissues. These abnormal cells can also spread to other parts of the body through the bloodstream or lymphatic system, a process known as metastasis.
There are over 100 different types of cancer, each with its own characteristics and behaviors. Cancer can affect virtually any part of the body, including the lungs, breast, prostate, colon, skin, and blood.
The exact causes of cancer are complex and can vary depending on the type of cancer. However, some common risk factors include genetic predisposition, exposure to carcinogens (such as tobacco smoke or ultraviolet radiation), unhealthy lifestyle choices (such as poor diet or lack of physical activity), and certain infections (such as human papillomavirus or hepatitis B and C).
Treatment options for cancer depend on several factors, including the type and stage of the cancer, as well as the patient’s overall health and preferences. Common treatment modalities include surgery, chemotherapy, radiation therapy, immunotherapy, targeted therapy, and hormone therapy. In many cases, a combination of these treatments may be used to effectively manage or eradicate the cancer.
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