Hemophilia is a rare genetic disorder in which the blood doesn’t clot properly due to the absence or low levels of certain clotting factors, proteins needed for normal blood clotting. This condition can lead to prolonged bleeding after an injury, surgery, or even spontaneously in severe cases. The two most common types of hemophilia are: Hemophilia A: Caused by a deficiency in clotting factor VIII. It’s the most common type. Hemophilia B: Caused by a deficiency in clotting factor IX. Hemophilia is usually inherited, passed down from parents to their children through the X chromosome. Since males have only one X chromosome, they are more likely to be affected by hemophilia. Females, with two X chromosomes, are typically carriers and may have mild symptoms but are less frequently affected by the full disorder. Treatment for hemophilia often involves replacing the missing clotting factors through regular infusions to help prevent or control bleeding episodes. In recent years, gene therapy has also been explored as a potential treatment option.
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