A cataract is a clouding of the lens in the eye, which leads to a decrease in vision. It is a common condition, particularly among older adults, but can also occur in younger people due to various factors. The lens, located behind the iris and the pupil, helps to focus light onto the retina, which in turn sends visual signals to the brain. When the lens becomes cloudy, it prevents light from passing through clearly, leading to blurry or dimmed vision.
Causes of Cataracts Cataracts can develop for several reasons, including:
Aging: The most common cause. Proteins in the lens break down over time, leading to cloudiness. Genetics: Family history can increase the likelihood of developing cataracts. Diabetes: People with diabetes are at higher risk of cataracts. Smoking and Alcohol Use: Both can contribute to the development of cataracts. Exposure to Ultraviolet Radiation: Prolonged exposure to sunlight can increase the risk. Certain Medications: Long-term use of steroids and other medications can lead to cataracts. Eye Injuries or Inflammation: Trauma to the eye can cause cataracts. Previous Eye Surgery: Surgery for other eye problems can sometimes lead to cataracts.
Common symptoms include: Blurry vision Difficulty with vision at night Sensitivity to light and glare Seeing “halos” around lights Colors appearing faded or yellowed Double vision in one eye Frequent changes in prescription glasses or contact lenses
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